What is Transducer: Types of Transducers Principle and Operation
In this article, we will learn What is Transducer: Types of Transducer’s principles and operations. The slides are positioned accurately by measuring the slide position and displacement of a CNC machine tool and comparing them with the data given in the program.
Slide position distance is measured using transducer measuring devices. Below are two types of transducers that can be used in CNC machines.
Linear transducers
It is a device that measures the slide position in a direct contact mode. It is a direct feedback device that directly reveals the slide position. It is used in CNC machines due to its high accuracy.
Principle of operation
It is mounted in two units on the slide support part and the moving part of the slide. One unit linear scale is translucent and opaque. The colored lines are variable. Other units are equipped with photocell and light equipment.
As shown in the figure, one unit is on the non-slide side and the other is on the slide move
Is also mounted on the part. As the slide moves, the light passing through the translucent part of the linear scale makes a photocell sense and creates a kind of pulse.
The control unit measures the slide position by counting the number of pulses and the number of lines per unit length of the scale.
Rotary Transducers
It is a device that indirectly measures the slide position. It is mounted on a slide a ball screw or servo motor and measures its angular rotation. The control unit calculates the slide position with this size and the lead size of the known lead screw.
These indirect feedback devices are very inexpensive. These are high-class accuracy and ball screw. The most suitable equipment for machines using CNC mechanism.
Principle of operation
The ball screw shaft is fitted with a code disc with rotary encoder or resolver components that are alternately opaque and opaque. It has a photocell on one side and a lamp on the other.
As the Code Disc rotates with the screw, the light rays emitted from the lamp alternately fall on the photocell, emitting a signal in the form of a wave and reaching the control unit. The control unit counts these signals in pulse and calculates the slide position with the lead screw and lead measure.
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