Introduction:
Fluid materials are fluid. The fluid has no form. But they can take the form of an existing container. Fluids can be divided into gas fluid and liquid fluid. Liquids cannot be compressed. But gases can be compressed. Fluid mechanics is the study of how the properties of flowing materials change when they are stationary and running.
Classification of fluid mechanics:
Fluid mechanics can be divided into three categories.
1. Hydro statics:
Hydro-statics is the study of the properties of a stationary flowing material.
2. Hydro Kinematics:
Hydro – kinematics is the study of the properties of flowing materials without taking into account the pressure.
3. Hydro dynamics:
Hydro – dynamics is the study of the properties of flowing materials and the stresses acting on them.
Types of fluids: Fluid is classified as follows.
1. Ideal or perfect fluid 2.Real fluid) 3. Newtonian fluid 4. Non – Newtonian fluid
1.Ideal fluid:
If Fluid does not compress and compress any flow when it flows, we call it ideal or perfect fluid. It is an imaginary fluid. Because no one will resist the flow of fluid. That is, viscosity.
Real fluid:
If Fluid has its properties such as viscosity, surface tension, cohesion, and compressibility, we call it real fluid. Practically all fluids are real fluids. Ex. Water, oil, and gas
3. Newtonian fluid:
If the shear stress in the fluid is proportional to the shear strain, it is called Newtonian fluid. In other words, we call Newtonian fluid the fluids that are subject to Newtonian laws. Ex. Air, water, lubricating oil, etc.
4. Non – Newtonian fluid:
If the shear stress in the fluid is inversely proportional to the shear strain, we call it Non – Newtonian fluid. In other words, non-Newtonian fluids are fluids that do not meet Newtonian terms. Ex. Paints, plastics.
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