Types Of CNC Turning Centers: Working Principle and Operation

Types Of CNC Turning Centers: Working Principle and Operation

In this article, we will learn about Types Of CNC Turning Centers Working Principle and Operation. The machine used for machining cylindrical-shaped jobs using the CNC system is called CNC Turning center.

CNC Lathe is also known as the CNC turning center. It is classified as follows depending on its position and machine capacity.

Types of Turning Centers (CNC Lathes)

1.Horizontal turning

• Chucking Machine center
• Shaft Machine
• Universal Machine

2.Vertical turning center

1.Horizontal Turning Center

a. Chucking Machines

This type of machine has a saddle and a short length bed. It has a drum-type turret to hold the ID and OD tools required for internal and external operations. The turret movement is controlled on two coordinate axes. Parallel to the spindle axis is the Z-axis. This became the vertical axis Is the X-axis. Chucking machines with two turrets are now in use, with one turret for ID tools and another turret for OD tools.

b. Shaft Lathes

These turning centers are designed for machining long length jobs. That is, the length of the job is fitted and turned between the two centers.

It also has hydraulic or pneumatic tailstocks and steady roller supports to support the job. These are designed to be suitable for turning operations in outer diameter 60 … It also has two coordinate axis controls. The spindle axis is parallel to the Z-axis and the spindle axis is perpendicular to the X-axis.

c. Universal Lathes

With both chucking and shaft type options. The turning center is the Universal lathe. This type of turning center is designed for chucking work and bar work. These four-axis machines have two turrets at the rate of one turret per two axes. Each Turret is individually set to the desired color. Both turrets are equipped with tools at the same time Machining can be done with the tools in both turrets.

Tool changing systems

can fit rotating tools on the turret in some lathes. These tools are used to perform operations like reaming, tapping, boring. With the exception of the Z and X axes, the C axis of the CNC-controlled spindle has a universal turning center.

Axes conventions of turning center

Turning centers have tools such as turning, reaming, tapping, and boring. Operations are performed by moving the turret in the direction of the axes Z and X.

2. Vertical CNC Turning Center

This type of vertical machining center is used for turning operations of very large and very heavy jobs. These are suitable for some types of milling operations. Hence it is also called turn-mill. In which the machine spindle Will be vertical. The workpiece is fixed to the table. Pallet changers may be fitted on a few machines to change jobs quickly. These machines have U axis and W axis apart from the X, Y, and Z-axis.