Impulse Turbine (Rotatory Engine):
In principle, the impulse turbine consists of a casing containing stationary steam nozzles and a rotor with moving or rotating buckets.
When the steam passes through the stationary nozzles and is directed at high speed against the rotor buckets. The rotor buckets start to rotate at high speed.
Events manifest itself within the nozzle
- The steam pressure decreases.
- The total heat of the steam decreases.
- The steam speed will increase
- The volume of the steam will increase.
In nozzles, the pressure energy of the steam is born-again into mechanical energy. they’re 2 sorts of nozzles employed in the turbine. They are
- Convergent nozzles
- Convergent -divergent nozzles
The Convergent Nozzles
They area unit used for smaller pressure drop wherever the minimum exit pressure is zero.577 x the water pressure (the crucial pressure for nozzles.) If the exit pressure is a smaller amount than zero.577 x water pressure, eddy-currents area unit developed and eventually, the exit speed is but calculated.
The Convergent-divergent Nozzles
The convergent-divergent nozzles forestall eddy currents and also the calculated speed is obtained even at massive pressure drops.
The purpose of the bucket or moving blade on the rotor is to convert the mechanical energy of the steam into energy. If all mechanical energy is born-again the steam exit speed is zero m/s. this can be impossible however it shows that the rotor blades should bring the steam exit speed close to zero m/s.
The Impulse Principle
Impulse Turbine and Reaction Turbine-Principle, operating and DifferenceThe steam at high enters through a stationary nozzle of a turbine, as a result, the pressure of the steam is decrease and a rise in steam speed. As results of hyperbolic steam speed steam meet up with the nozzle within the sort of a high-speed jet. This high-speed steam hit the properly formed rotary engine blade, as a result, the steam flow direction is modified. The impact of this alteration in the direction of the steam flow can manufacture associate degree impulse force. This force causes the blade move, thereby the rotor can begin to rotate.
The force applied to the blade is developed by inflicting the steam modification|to vary|to alter} the direction of flow (Newton’s ordinal Law – change of momentum). The amendment of momentum produces the impulse force.
Impulse Turbine Working:
In the turbine pressure drops and also the speed will increase because the steam passes through the nozzles. once the steam passes through the moving blades the rate drops however the pressure remains identical.
The fact that the pressure doesn’t drop across the moving blades is that the distinctive feature of the turbine. The pressure at the water of the moving blades is same because the pressure at the outlet of moving blades.
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