Steam Power Plant

STEAM power station:

Coal and Ash Circuit:

Coal arrives at the storage yard and when necessary handling,
passes on to the furnaces through the fuel feeding device. Ash ensuing from the combustion of coal
collects at the rear of the boiler and is removed to the ash storage yard through ash handling
equipment.

Air and Gas Circuit:

Air is taken in from atmosphere through the action of a forced or
induced draught fan and passes on to the chamber through the air preheater, wherever it’s been
heated by the warmth of flue gases that pass to the chimney via the preheater. The flue gases when
passing around boiler tubes and superheater tubes within the chamber go through a dirt catching
device or electrical device, then through the economizer, and eventually through the air preheater before being exhausted to the atmosphere.

Feed Water and Steam Flow Circuit:

within the water and steam circuit atmospheric phenomenon going away, the condenser is initially heated during a closed feed hot-water heater through extracted steam from the
lowest pressure extraction purpose of the rotary engine.
It then passes through the deaerator and a number of more water heaters before going into the boiler through an economizer. In the boiler drum and tubes, water circulates thanks to the distinction between the density of water within the lower temperature and also the higher temperature sections of the boiler. Wet steam from the drum is more heated within the superheater for being equipped to the prime-mover.

After expanding in high rotary engine steam is taken to the heating boiler and dropped at its original
dryness or superheat before being passed on to the low rotary engine. From there it’s exhausted
through the condenser into the recent well.

The atmospheric phenomenon is heated within the feed heaters victimization the steam unfree (blow steam) from completely different points of the rotary engine.

A part of steam and water is lost whereas passing through completely different elements and this is often compensated by provision extra feed water. This feed water ought to be pure beforehand, to
avoid the scaling of the tubes of the boiler.

Cooling Water Circuit:

The cooling water system to the condenser helps in maintaining a low pressure in it. The water could also be taken from a natural supply like stream, lake or ocean or the same water could also be cooled and circulated once again. within the latter case, the cooling arrangement is made through spray lake or cooling system.

Components of a contemporary Steam power station:

A modern steam power station includes of the subsequent elements :

1. Boiler
(i) Superheater (ii) Re-heater
(iii) economizer (iv) Air-heater.
2. turbine three.
3.Generator
4. Condenser five.
5.cooling systems
6.Current pump seven.
7.Boiler feed pump
8.Wagon drinker nine.
9.Device house
10.Coal mill eleven.
11.Evoked draught fans
12.Ash precipitators thirteen.
13.Boiler chimney
14. Forced draught fans fifteen.
15.Water treatment plant
16. room seventeen. Switchyard.

Functions of some necessary components of a steam power station :

1. Boiler.
Water is reborn into wet steam.
2. Super heater.
It converts wet steam into superheated steam.
3. Turbine.
Steam at high expands within the rotary engine and drives the generator.
4. Condenser.
It condenses steam employed by the turbine. The condensed steam (known
as condensate) is employed as a feed water.
5. Cooling tower.
It cools the condenser current water. Condenser cooling water absorbs heat from steam. This heat is discharged to the atmosphere in cooling water.
6. Condenser current pump.
It circulates water through the condenser and
the cooling system.
7. Feed pump.
It pumps water within the water tubes of the boiler against boiler steam
pressure.
8. Economiser.
In economizer heat in flue gases is part wont to heat the incoming feed
water.
9. Air preheater.
In air preheater heat in flue gases (the product of combustion) is part wont to heat incoming air